What does "do no harm" signify in research ethics?

"Do no harm" in research ethics signifies the obligation to avoid causing any unintended harm, which encompasses not only physical harm but also psychological, social, and emotional risks that might arise from participation in research studies. This principle is a fundamental aspect of ethical research practices, emphasizing that researchers must carefully consider the potential consequences of their work on participants and society at large.

This principle is rooted in the larger context of beneficence, which is one of the core ethical principles outlined in the Belmont Report. Researchers must conduct a thorough risk-benefit analysis to ensure that the possible benefits of the research outweigh any risks to participants, thus safeguarding their welfare.

In contrast, the other choices suggest limited or incorrect interpretations of this ethical principle. The focus is not exclusively on physical harm, nor can all risks be ignored in research. Additionally, ethical research aims to gain knowledge and insights, so it is incorrect to say that research should never result in findings.