What does the term 'coercion' refer to in research ethics?

The term 'coercion' in research ethics refers specifically to compelling individuals to participate in a study against their will. This concept is critical in ethical research practices, as it emphasizes the necessity of voluntary participation. Coercion undermines the autonomy and individual rights of research subjects, which are fundamental principles outlined in documents like the Belmont Report.

In research, ethical standards require that participation be based on informed consent, meaning individuals should have the freedom to choose whether or not to participate without any undue pressure or threats. This is distinct from mere persuasion or the offering of incentives, which can be ethically acceptable as long as they respect the individual's right to make an informed choice without feeling forced.

Understanding coercion is crucial for researchers to ensure that their studies are ethical and that participant rights are protected.