What is meant by the term “informed consent” in research studies?

The term "informed consent" in research studies refers to the process through which researchers obtain voluntary agreement from participants to take part in a study, and this agreement is made with a clear understanding of the various aspects of the research, including any potential risks, benefits, and the nature of their involvement. This process is a critical ethical requirement designed to protect the autonomy of participants. It ensures that individuals are fully aware of what participation entails and can make an educated decision about whether to participate based on that information.

Informed consent is not simply about obtaining a signature; it involves a dialogue where researchers present information in a comprehensible manner, allowing participants to ask questions and express any concerns. This commitment to informing participants honors their rights and promotes ethical standards within research practices. Therefore, option B accurately captures the essence of informed consent by emphasizing both voluntary participation and the necessity of a full understanding of potential risks.