Which principle emphasizes the need to balance risks and rewards in research?

The principle that emphasizes the need to balance risks and rewards in research is beneficence. This principle revolves around the ethical obligation to maximize potential benefits while minimizing potential harm to participants. It acknowledges that research often carries inherent risks, and researchers must carefully consider these risks in relation to the expected benefits of the research outcomes.

Beneficence plays a crucial role in ensuring that participants are not subjected to unnecessary harm and that their well-being remains a priority throughout the research process. This balancing act is fundamental to ethical research practices, ensuring that the positive impacts justify any risks involved.

Other principles like respect for persons focus on autonomy and informed consent, justice pertains to fairness in distributing the benefits and burdens of research, and integrity involves honesty and adherence to ethical standards in conducting research. While all these principles are essential for ethical research practice, it is beneficence that directly addresses the risk-benefit analysis that researchers must undertake.