Why is parental consent emphasized in research involving minors?

Parental consent is emphasized in research involving minors primarily because minors are generally considered incapable of giving informed consent on their own. According to ethical guidelines and legal standards, individuals under a certain age (which varies by jurisdiction) may not fully understand the implications of participating in research, including potential risks and benefits. Therefore, obtaining parental or guardian consent is necessary to ensure that the rights and welfare of the minor participants are protected. This requirement underscores the ethical obligation of researchers to prioritize the safety and well-being of vulnerable populations, such as children.

In addition to ensuring that minors are protected, this process facilitates the involvement of responsible adults who can assist in making informed decisions about their children's participation in research studies.